基于POI大数据的城市零售商业空间布局与人口耦合关系研究——以上海市为例

Research on the Matching Relationship between Urban Retail Business Spatial Layout and Population Based on POI Big Data——A Case Study of Shanghai

城市零售商业空间的合理布局是推动城市经济发展、满足居民消费需求的基础,商业空间与人口的耦合度高低是商业布局合理的主要因素之一.以上海市零售商业POI数据、人口数据等为基础,通过最邻近距离分析法、核密度估计法、Ripleys K函数空间聚类分析等方法分析了上海市零售商业空间布局特征,建立人口耦合度模型,分析各类商业与人口的耦合度.结果表明:①上海市各类商业空间均显示出明显的集聚特征;②各类商业的集聚区域有所不同,且中心与外围分异明显;③各类商业在不同尺度范围内集聚表现不同,在距离范围为10～12km时,大多数类型的商业空间呈现聚集状态,便利店、电子卖场区位空间选择尺度较大,特殊买卖场所区位选择尺度较小;④便利店的人口耦合度最高,超市的人口耦合度最低.

The rational layout of urban retail space is the basis of promoting urban economic development and satisfying residents consumption demand, and the matching degree between commercial space and population is one of the main factors for the rational layout of urban retail space. Based on POI data and population data of retail business in Shanghai, this paper analyzes the spatial distribution characteristics of Shanghai retail business through the methods of nearest neighbor distance analysis, kernel density estimation and Ripley s K function spatial clustering analysis, establishes a population matching model, and analyzes the matching degree between various types of business and population. The results show that:(1) All kinds of commercial space in Shanghai show that agglomeration characteristics obviously.(2) The agglomeration areas of various types of commercial space are different, and the central and peripheral differences obviously.(3) The agglomeration performance of various types of commercial space is different in different scales, and most types of commercial space show agglomeration in the distance range of 10-12 km .(4) Convenience stores have the highest population matching degree and supermarkets have the lowest population matching degree.