清西湖行宫园林历史沿革与造园特色研究

Research on the Historical Evolution and Gardening Features of the West Lake Temporary Imperial Palace Garden of Qing Dynasty

西湖行宫初创于康熙,兴盛于乾隆,是清帝南巡线路上一座重要的也是目前保存较为完整的行宫。西湖行宫后苑园林体现了我国古典园林成熟期的高超水平,是清代皇家行宫园林的重要例证。以西湖行宫园林为研究对象,梳理其变迁脉络,论证西湖行宫的初创时间为康熙四十二年(1703年),利用古代文献和图像资料对行宫园林的变迁过程进行深入分析,认为雍正时期浙江总督李卫的圣因寺山园开发奠定了乾隆时期"西湖行宫八景"的基础,总结西湖行宫的园林特色表现在因山构园、院落结构与八景题名等方面。

The West Lake Temporary Imperial Palace,first established in Kangxi period and prosperous in Qianlong period, is not only an important temporary imperial palace on the southern tour line of the Qing emperors,but also a comparatively complete palace preserved now.The garden of the West Lake Temporary Imperial Palace reflects the superb level of the mature period of Chinese classical gardens and is an important example of the imperial palace garden in Qing Dynasty.Taking the garden as the research object,the author summarized its history,and proved the establishment time of the West Lake Temporary Imperial Palace was forty-two years of the Kangxi period(1703).By using the ancient literature and image data,the author analyzed the changing deeply and concluded that the development of Shengyin Temple mountain by governor Li Wei laid the foundation for the "Eight Scenes of the West Lake Palace" during the Qianlong period. The garden features of the West Lake Palace were summarized as building gardens according to mountain,courtyard structure,and eight scenic patterns.