全国优秀短篇小说获奖评选与新时期文学生态的重建

National Awards for Outstanding Short Stories and Reconstruction of Literary Ecology in the New Era

全国优秀短篇小说获奖评选作为重建新时期文学生态的一次尝试,它在传播媒介、评价机制、指导原则等方面均与其他文学类评奖有着鲜明的差异。从媒介上看,评选以《人民文学》和《小说选刊》为载体,既渗透了"作协"对文学发展规划的考量,又兼容了作家、读者、编辑家的个性化表达。从评价机制来看,专家与读者相结合的方式既是一个时代共同想象的呈现,又为专家、读者的不同文化需求提供了博弈的渠道。更重要的是,评审对革命现实主义这一评奖原则有着不同的解读,因而整个评选活动显得众声喧哗却又莫衷一是。以"引导、博弈、妥协"的视角来切入评选活动将有助于把文学放入更为广阔的社会空间,还原新时期初期复杂的文学生态。

As an attempt to rebuild the literary ecology in the new era,the national award for outstanding short stories is different from other literary awards in the aspects of media,evaluation mechanism and guiding principles.As to the media,the selection chooses the“People s Literature”and“Novel Offprint”as the carriers,which not only infiltrates literary planning considerations of Writers Association but also is compatible with the personalized expression of authors,readers,editors.From the perspective of evaluation mechanism,the combination of experts and readers is not only the representation of the common imagination of an era,but also the channel of game for different cultural needs of experts and readers.More importantly,the judges have different interpretations of the award principle of revolutionary realism,so the whole selection activity appears to be noisy and inconsistent.Perceiving the selection activities from the perspective of“guidance,game and compromise”will help us put literature into a broader social space and restore the complex literature ecology in the early stage of the new era.