维持性血液透析患者衰弱现状及影响因素

Analysis on the Frailty Status and Influencing Factors of Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients

目的:调查维持性血液透析(MHD)患者衰弱现状,分析其影响因素,为干预研究提供依据。方法:采用便利抽样法选取血液净化中心439例MHD患者为调查对象,采用一般情况调查表收集资料,采用衰弱症状学量表评估MHD患者衰弱状况,采用Barthel指数问卷、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评估MHD患者日常生活能力、焦虑、抑郁状况。结果:439例患者衰弱发生率为67. 88%,衰弱指标患病率由高到低依次为躯体活动量低、自诉疲乏、步行速度慢、握力低、自然体质下降; MHD患者衰弱状况在年龄、血清白蛋白、血红蛋白、合并高血压、抑郁、生活自理能力方面比较差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。结论:MHD患者衰弱现状不容乐观,医护人员应关注其衰弱问题,及时采取干预策略,预防衰弱发生或延缓衰弱进程。

Objective:To investigate the frailty of maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)patients and analyze its influencing factors,so as to provide gist for intervention research.Methods:By convenient sampling method,a total of 439 patients with MHD blood purification center were selected as investigation object.General information questionnaires were used to collect information.The frailty of MHD patients was assessed by the frailty symptom scale.Barthel index questionnaire,self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)and self-rating depression scale(SDS)were used to evaluate the daily life ability,anxiety and depression of MHD patients.Results:In 439 patients,the incidence of frailty was 67.88%,and the prevalence of frailty index was from high to low,followed by low physical activity,self-reported fatigue,slow walking speed,low grip strength and natural physical deterioration.There were statistically significant differences in the frailty of MHD patients in age,serum albumin,hemoglobin,hypertension,depression,and self-care ability(P<0.05).Conclusion:The frailty of MHD patients is not optimistic.Medical staff should pay attention to their frailty and timely adopt intervention strategies to prevent the occurrence or delay the process of frailty.