轮滑校本课程对小学生身体素质影响作用的实验研究

Experimental Research on Influence of Skating School-Based Curriculum on Primary School Students' Physical Fitness

本研究以广州市天河区棠东小学参与轮滑校本课程的小学生为研究对象,在以中高课堂练习强度为特征的"竞技性目标"与以低课堂练习强度为特征的"掌握性目标"的轮滑教学组织模式下,对小学生身体素质发展的影响作为研究内容,对如何在校本课程中有效提高小学生身体素质水平的目标进行研究;通过专家访谈法、文献资料法、问卷调查法、实验法,本教学实验结果为实行不同目标轮滑校本课程的对照班和实验班学生,在经过一年的系统教学后,身体基本素质都有显著性提高;从以培养竞赛型人才的实验班和以技术普及为目标的对照班学生对比来看,女生素质测试无显著性差异,且立卧撑指标对照班学生优于实验班学生;实验班男生单脚站立素质指标测试水平明显优于对照班学生。从而得出轮滑运动的动作模式对练习者身体整体协调性、下肢力量及稳定性作用明显,在小学生协调、平衡素质发展敏感期,高练习强度的课程教学对学生下肢力量影响作用明显,但在女生群体中作用不明显的结论;建议在当前国内大力推广校本课程的过程中,除了考虑到校本课程的内容要适合本校实际情况、具有特色、形式新颖外,还应考虑到课堂的生物学影响因素,根据教学内容提高课堂练习强度与密度,达到国家对促进青少年群体身体素质发展的要求,符合学校体育课程改革的发展趋势。

Research purposes: Taking the students of Guangzhou Tangdong Primary School as the research object, under the roller skating teaching model of "competitive goal" which means middle to high level exercises intensity,and "mastery goal" which means low level exercise intensity,to study how to achieve the goal of developing the students'physical fitness effectively in school-based curriculum under the guidance of the latest National Sports and Health Curriculum Standards. Research methods: expert interview, literature, questionnaire and experiment. The results:the students in the reference class and the experimental class with different objectives had a significant improvement in their basic physical fitness level.The Burpee index of reference class students is better than the experimental class;the male student of experimental class on one foot standing index test is significantly better than the reference class.The conclusion: Roller skating has obvious effect on body coordination, lower limb strength and stability. In the development sensitive period of primary school students'physical fitness, high exercise intensity has better effect on the lower limb strength of students, but not obvious in female students' test. Suggestions: The school-based curriculum should be suitable for the actual situation of the students,by improving the intensity and density of classroom exercises.