护理人员职业环境认可度的调查分析及对策

Investigation and analysis of the nursing occupational environment of 559 nursing staff and countermeasures

目的:调查三级甲等综合型医院不同层级的护士对职业环境的认可度现状,依据调查结果分析现存问题,并提出应对措施。方法:采用盖洛普Q12调查问卷表,方便抽样的方式调查全院不同层级、不同科室的559名护士对职业环境的认可程度。结果:不同层级护士在Q1、Q3、Q4、Q5、Q6、Q11上得分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05～P<0.01)。不同层级间护士工作基本需求和团队合作维度比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同学历间护士自我成长维度比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),不同职务间护士工作基本需求和自我成长维度比较,护士长均高于护士(P<0.01和P<0.05)。在不同科室中对职业环境的认可情况差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),护士和护士长对职业环境的认可情况差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:三级甲等综合型医院不同层级的护士对护理职业环境认可度从总体情况看还是比较高的,但仍有少部分护士认可度比较低,提示护理管理者应针对不同层级护士对职业环境中存在的问题,从关注护士的自我成长、适时落实激励措施、用严格制度与柔性管理相结合、接受不同的建议等方面,提高护理职业环境状况,从而提高护士的责任感以激发工作热情。

Objective:To investigate the status quo of the occupational environment recognition in a grade A tertiary hospital,and provide suggestions and countermeasures on the basis of the results of the survey. Methods:The recognition degrees of occupational environment in 559 nurses of different levels and departments from the hospital were investigated using Gallup's Q12 questionnaire and convenient sampling method. Results:The differences of the scores of Q1,Q3,Q4,Q5,Q6 and Q11 in different levels of nurses were statistically significant(P <0. 05 to P <0. 01),the differences of the dimensionalities of basic work requirement and team collarboration in different levels of nurses,and dimensionality of self-growth in different education background nurses were statistically significant(P < 0. 05 and P <0. 01). The dimensionalities of basic work requirement and self-growth in charge nurses were higher than those in nurses (P <0. 01 and P < 0. 05). The recognition degrees of occupational environment among nurses of different departments,and between charge nurses and nurses were statistically significant(P < 0. 05 and P < 0. 01). Conclusions:The overall recognition degree of occupational environment among nurses of different levels are higher,and which is lower in a small number of nurses. The nursing managers should focus on the nurses'self-growth, timely implement incentive measures, combine strict system with flexible management,and accept different suggestions to improve the nursing occupational environment and sense of responsibility to motivate enthusiasm of nurses according to the problems in professional environment of different level nurses.