旱地垄作膜面胡麻精量播种机设计和仿真

Design and simulation of precision seeder for flax indryland ridge with plastic-film mulching

针对西北旱区胡麻种植利用谷物条播机代播,人工种植效率低、质量差、出苗率低等问题,设计了一种旱地垄作膜面胡麻精量播种机。为提高播种机转向和运输时穴播轮提升、下降的精确性,采用平行四杆机构和摇杆装置,并确定其各项尺寸参数;为保证穴播轮播种深度,采用四连杆仿形机构,且计算出最大上、下仿形量均为89.87 mm,并验证了仿形机构的可行性;为提高该播种机播种精度,设计了一种新型取种装置;利用Solidworks软件中的插件motion对成穴器成穴过程进行运动仿真分析,研究了不同滑移率δ、机具前进速度v、成穴器入土深度h_1对穴孔宽度(固定鸭嘴入出土位移)的影响,并得到最优组合参数:当δ=11%,v=0.5 m·s^(-1),h_1=0.03 m时,该成穴器具有较小的滑移量,且不易产生挑膜、撕膜等现象。

In order to solve the problems of low seeding efficiency,poor quality,and low seedling rate of the existing grain drilling machine and artificial seeding for flax,a precision seeder in dryland ridge plastic-film mulched surface in arid area of northwestern China was designed.To ensure the accuracy of the lifting and descending of the dibbling wheel during the diversion and transportation of the seeder,the parallelogram linkage mechanism and the rocker device were adopted,and the parameters of the mechanism were determined.The four-bar link profiling mechanism was adopted to improve the depth consistency of the dibbling wheel,and the maximum and lower profile amount was determined to be 89.87 mm,to verify the feasibility of profiling.In order to improve the seeding precision of the seeder,a new seed metering device was designed.The motion of plug-in in Solidworks was used to simulate the process of hole-forming and the effects of different slip rate(δ),machine advancing speed(v)and the depth of the indenting tool(h1)on width of hole(displacement of fixed duck-bill)were studied.The optimal results are obtained:whenδ=11% ,v=0.5 m·s^-1,and h1=0.03 m,the slipping of the indenting tool was small,and it was not easy to produce the film-picking and tearing-film.