贸易开放能否破解技术升级难题?——基于企业生产效率视角的实证分析

Can Trade Liberalization Solve the Problem of Technology Upgrading?

贸易自由化逐渐成为推动世界各国经济平稳发展,互利共赢的必然趋势。在贸易开放不断推进的背景下,如何能够在激烈的国际市场竞争中保持本土企业的竞争优势,破解企业结构改革和优化升级难题是亟需探讨和解决的问题。针对全要素生产率这一保障企业生产效能和行业核心竞争力的关键因素展开讨论。通过理论分析和实证检验,明确了贸易开放对促进全要素生产率水平提高的积极作用。并进一步运用多重中介模型解释和检验了贸易开放促进企业生产效率提高的影响渠道。贸易开放可以通过扩大企业研发投入、改善公司经营效益、提高人力资本水平、缓解财务融资约束,进一步提高公司的全要素生产率。

Trade liberalization gradually become the inevitable trend of promoting economic steady development and mutual benefit and win-win results of countries around the world.Under the background of the continuous promotion of trade opening,how to maintain the competitive advantage of local enterprises in the fierce international market competition and how to solve the problem of enterprise structure reform and optimization upgrading issues are urgent issues to be discussed and solved.This paper discusses total factor productivity which is the key factor to guarantee the production efficiency of enterprises and the core competitiveness of industries.Through theoretical analysis and empirical test,it is clear that trade openness plays a positive role in promoting the level of total factor productivity.Furthermore,the paper explains and tests the influence of trade opening on the improvement of enterprise production efficiency by using multiple intermediary models.Trade opening can further improve the total factor productivity of a company by expanding the investment in research and development,improving the company's operating efficiency,improving the level of human capital,and easing financial financing constraints.