ELISA与HPLC-MS检测玉米中黄曲霉毒素B_1的比较分析

A comparative analyze on the determination of aflatoxin B_1 in maize with ELISA and HPLC-MS method

本实验选用30份玉米样品,通过酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法和高效液相色谱-质谱联用(HPLC-MS)法对玉米中黄曲霉毒素B1含量(AFB1)进行测定比较,得出两种方法的差异性和相关性。其中,使用HPLC-MS外标法定量时,设计两组标准曲线,分别是玉米基质液加标组曲线和纯标组曲线,得到的结果再与ELISA比较。结果显示:用ELISA筛选出的阳性样品,用HPLC-MS法确证亦为阳性,判定结果一致,但具体检出量存在差异。当样品中AFB1含量为2～6μg/kg时,测定结果 HPLC-MS(纯标组)<ELISA<HPLC-MS(玉米基质液加标组),且HPLC-MS(玉米基质液加标组)测定值约为ELISA和HPLC-MS(纯标组)的2～13倍;当样品中AFB1含量为11～50μg/kg时,ELISA<HPLC-MS (纯标组)≈HPLC-MS (玉米基质液加标组)。当样品中AFB1含量<61.78μg/kg时,测定结果HPLC-MS(玉米基质液加标组)≈HPLC-MS(纯标组)+3.6μg/kg。研究表明,ELISA操作简单快速,准确度较高,适用于玉米中AFB1的快速大量筛选,HPLC-MS耗时长,成本高,更适用于经ELISA初筛后呈阳性样品的确证及AFB1的精确定量。

Thirty maize samples were selected in this experiment.AFB1 in maize was detected and compared by ELISA and HPLC-MS to get the differences and correlations between the two methods.The results showed that positive sample screened by ELISA were comfirmed by HPLC-MS,but there were differences in their detectable amount.The result was HPLC-MS(pure mark group)<ELISA<HPLC-MS(maize substrate liquid add mark group)when content aflatoxin B1 in sample was from 2 to 6μg/kg,and the result of HPLC-MS(maize substrate liquid add mark group)≈ELISA or HPLC-MS(pure mark group)multiplied by 2 to 13.The result was ELISA<HPLC-MS(pure mark group)≈HPLC-MS(maize substrate liquid add mark group)when content aflatoxin B1 in sample was from 11 to 50μg/kg.And the result was HPLC-MS(pure mark group)≈HPLC-MS(maize substrate liquid add mark group)+3.6μg/kg whose content aflatoxin B1 in sample lower than 61.78μg/kg.The results suggested that ELISA was a simple and rapid method with high accuracy,and it was suitable for fast screening of aflatoxin B1 in large number of maize samples.While HPLC-MS method takes longer and costs higher to detect,so it was more suitable for the confirmation of positive sample preliminarily screened by ELISA,and the accurate quantitative of aflatoxin B1 content.