低油耗多车型车辆路径问题及算法

Vehicle routing problem and algorithm for fuel-efficient multi-vehicle models

为了解决以低油耗为优化目标的具有固定车辆数的多车型车辆路径问题,从低碳环保角度出发,建立以固定发车费用和油耗费用为优化目标的数学模型,并提出了一种融合邻域搜索算法的混合模拟退火算法,解决了传统模拟退火算法全局搜索能力差的缺点。模型中的油耗费用考虑了车辆车载率和行驶里程,算法中客户采用自然数编码方式,首先采用前向插入算法产生初始解;然后在解变换过程中融合了3种邻域搜索算子即互换、逆转、插入操作生成新解;最后通过实例对算法性能进行测试。通过与其他算法的计算结果对比验证了模型的实用性与算法的有效性。

To solve the heterogeneous fixed fleet vehicle routing problem of optimizing the target with low fuel consump. tion, a mathematical model with fixed departure cost and fuel cost as the optimization objective was established from the perspective of low carbon environmental protection, and a hybrid simulated annealing algorithm based on neighbor search algorithm was proposed to overcome the shortcomings of poor global search of the traditional simulated annealing algorithm. The cost of fuel consumption in the model took into account the vehicle rate and mileage. In the algorithm, cus. tomers used natural number coding. First, PHIFA (Push Forward Insertion Heuristic Algorithm) was used to produce ini. tial solution. Then, three fields of search operator including exchange, reverse and insertion operation were fused in the process of solution transformation to generate new solutions. Finally, the performance of the algorithm was tested by ex. amples. The practicability of the model and the effectiveness of the algorithm were verified by comparison with the calcu. lation results of other algorithms.