温热带玉米种质改良系配合力分析及杂种优势群划分

Studies on Combining Ability and Heterotic Grouping of Improved Temperate-tropical Inbred Lines

【目的】研究温热带玉米种质改良系杂种优势关系并划分杂种优势群。【方法】采用NCⅡ遗传交配设计对23个温热带玉米种质改良系和3个测验种配制69杂交组合,在云南省3种不同生态环境下对这些杂交组合进行农艺性状和产量配合力分析,评价群体的应用价值和利用潜力,再根据产量特殊配合力效应划分杂种优势群。【结果】自交系L1、L5、L6、L7、L8、L11、L16、L20产量一般配合力较高。10个强优势杂交组合T3×L20、T1×L8、T3×L21、T2×L20、T3×L1、T3×L11、T3×L5、T2×L6、T3×L12、T1×L4的SCA分别是13.69、28.14、24.08、9.02、9.97、6.09、9.02、17.75、14.40、16.94,除了T3×L11(6.09)均达到显著和极显著水平。【结论】温热玉米种质改良系L8、L11、L16、L20在育种中利用潜力较大,尤其是L11和L20是不可多得的温热玉米改良系。本研究将供试改良系划分为3大类群:L3、L5、L6、L11、L17、L19、L20、L21、L23与掖107划分为Reid群;L1、L2、L12、L13、L16、L18、L22和YML1671划分为非Reid群;L4、L7、L8、L9、L10、L14、L15和YML146划分为Suwan1群。

【Objective】The purpose was to study the combining ability of improved temperate-tropical inbred lines and determine their heterotic groups.【Method】NCⅡmating design was introduced into the research.A number of 23 improved temperate-tropical inbred lines were crossed with 3 testers,representing group Reid,Non-Reid,Suwanl,respectively.The combining abilities of certain agronomic traits and grain yield of the obtained 69 crosses were evaluated in three different ecological environments in Yunnan province.The application value and utilization potential were both evaluated.Heterotic groups were divided according to specific combining ability(SCA)of grain yield.【Result】The results showed that the inbred lines with high yield general combining ability(GCA)were L1,L5,L6,L7,L8,L11,L16 and L20.The ten top strong heterotic combinations were T3×L20,T1×L8,T3×L21,T2×L20,T3×L1,T3×L11,T3×L5,T2×L6,T3×L12and T1×L4.The corresponding SCA effect values were 13.69,28.14,24.08,9.02,9.97,6.09,9.02,17.75,14.40 and 16.94,reaching significant(P<0.05)or extremely significant(P<0.01)level,but T3×L11 cross was excluded.【Conclusion】The results indicated that inbred lines L8,L11,L16 and L20 had great utilization potential.L11 and L20 were two extremely elite improved temperate-tropical inbred lines that could act as predominant lines in maize breeding work.This research classified the 23 inbred lines into three heterotic groups,L3,L5,L6,L11,L17,L19,L20,L21,L23 and Ye107 in group Reid,L1,L2,L12,L13,L16,L18,L22 and YML1671 in group Non-Reid,and L4,L7,L8,L9,L10,L14,L15 and YML146 in group Suwan1.