玉米前育种“桂A”群体主要农艺性状的配合力分析

Analysis of Combining Ability of Main Agronomic Traits in Pre-Breeding Population ‘Gui A’

【目的】利用外国自交系和西南区骨干自交系创建玉米前育种"桂A"群体,并从中选育早熟、脱水快、产量一般配合力高的自交系,为广西和西南区宜机收玉米新品种选育提供种质基础。【方法】以7份西南区骨干玉米自交系为受体材料,11份外国优良自交系为供体材料创建玉米前育种群体"桂A",从中选育出20份一环系,采用NC-Ⅱ设计与5份骨干系配制100个杂交组合进行配合力测定,研究其利用潜力。【结果】从"桂A"群体选育的A32-1、A11、A21、A7等4个自交系的产量一般配合力较高、利用潜力大,骨干系GRL62491、GRL737、GRL15111与"桂A"群体选系的产量一般配合力和特殊配合力较高。【结论】"桂A"群体具有丰富的遗传多样性,从中选育出的一环系与热带种质材料有较高的杂种优势,可降低穗位、缩短生育期,具有较高利用价值,有望应用于宜机收玉米新品种选育中。

【Objective】To create and evaluate maize materials with early maturity and quicker dehydration characteristics for mechanized hybrid maize breeding in the southwest of China,lines with high GCA of yield were selected from a pre-breeding maize population‘Gui A’which was synthesized by using elite inbred lines from foreign and the southwestern of China.【Method】The‘Gui A’was constructed by seven elite inbred lines of the southwestern China and 11 foreign inbred lines.The NC-II design was employed and 100 combinations were created by crossing 5 elite lines and 20 lines bred from‘Gui A’,to evaluate the lines combining ability and its potential utilization.【Result】The four inbred lines of A32-1,A11,A21,and A7,which were segregated from the population‘Gui A’,had higher GCA of the yield than others,indicating a better potential for utilization;The GCA and SCA of the yield of the three lines of GRL62491,GRL737,and GRL15111 which used as tester was higher than others.【Conclusion】There was high heterosis between lines selected from the population‘Gui A’and tropical germplasm,and the inbred lines could also appropriately lower the ear height and shorten growth period of hybrid combinations.It indicated that the‘Gui A’population had maintained rich genetic diversity and was valuable for utilization,expected to be applied in mechanized hybrid maize verities breeding.