生活事件、应对方式及人格特征与成年男性酒精依赖的关系

Correlations among life events, coping styles and personality traits and alcohol dependence of adult males

目的:分析生活事件、应对方式及人格特征与成年男性酒精依赖的关系。方法:选取2017年1月至2018年1月在精神卫生中心戒酒区住院的114例酒精依赖成年男性作为观察组,另选取同期116例中国健康成年男性作为对照组,分别采用卡特尔十六种人格因素量表(16PF)和应对方式问卷(CSQ)调查,比较两组成年男性的社会人口学资料、人格特征及应对方式,并对酒精依赖的多因素进行Logistic回归分析。结果:两组年龄、婚姻状况、出生地、居住方式等人口学资料比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组学历明显低于对照组,情感虐待、躯体虐待、感情忽视、躯体忽视、家庭暴力、父母离异或分居、家庭有犯罪史及物质滥用经历的人数明显多于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组稳定性、聪慧性、独立性得分明显低于对照组,敏感性、世故性、乐群性、敢为性、幻想性、忧虑性、紧张性、实验性得分明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组特强性、兴奋性、有恒性、怀疑性、自律性得分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组解决问题、合理化得分明显低于对照组,求助、自责、幻想、退避得分明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,情感虐待、躯体虐待、躯体忽视、物质滥用、家庭暴力、敏感性、忧虑性、独立性、自责、幻想、退避是成年男性酒精依赖的独立危险因素。结论:情感虐待、躯体虐待、躯体忽视、物质滥用、家庭暴力、敏感性、忧虑性、独立性、自责、幻想、退避均是成年男性酒精依赖的独立危险因素。因此,必要时需给予患者心理干预,创造一个和谐的环境,培养其积极的应对方式及健全的人格,降低酒精依赖程度。

Objective: To analyze correlations among life events,coping styles,personality traits and adult male alcohol dependence. Methods: 114 adult alcohol-dependent patients hospitalized in the mental health alcoholism center from January 2017 to January 2018 (observation group) as well as 116 Chinese healthy adult men (control group) were selected.The selected men were investigated by the Cattell's 16PF (16PF) and coping styles questionnaire (CSQ).The sociodemographic data,personality characteristics and coping styles of the two groups were compared. Further,the Logistic regression analysis was performed on the multiple factors of alcohol dependence.Results: There were no significant differences in the demographic data between the two groups,including age,marital status,place of birth,and residence pattern (P>0.05).The education level of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group,the number of those with emotional abuse,physical abuse,emotional neglect,physical neglect,domestic violence,divorced or separated parents,family history of crime and substance abuse of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).The stability,intelligence, and independence scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the observation group,while the sensitivity,secularity, gregariousness,social boldness,fantasy,anxiety,tension,and experimental scores were significantly higher than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the scores of subbornness,excitatory,persistency, suspicion,and self-discipline between the two groups (P>0.05).The solving problem and the rationalization scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group,while the seeking help,self-blame,fantasy,and wince scores were significantly higher than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that emotional abuse,physical abuse,physical neglect,substance abuse,domestic violence,sensitivity,anxiety,independence,self-blame,fantasy and wince were the independent risk factor for the adult male alcohol dependence.Conclusions: Emotional abuse,physical abuse,physical neglect,substance abuse, domestic violence,sensitivity,anxiety,independence,self-blame,fantasy and wince are all the independent risk factor for the adult male alcohol dependence.Therefore,if necessary,the patients should be given some psychological interventions to reduce the degree of alcohol dependence by creating a harmonious environment and cultivating their positive coping style and wholesome personality.