大理国与交趾李朝的均势制衡关系探究

On the Relations of the Balance of Power between the Dali Kingdom and the Vietnamese Li Dynasty

大理国与交趾李朝分别是红河流域上下游的两个强国,双方共存216年,两国虽然形式上都是宋辽、宋金二元朝贡体系中宋朝藩属国,在宋朝主导的国际体系中的地位却大相径庭,交趾高大理低。由于地缘相近、人缘相亲、文缘相通等原因,两国必然发生政治和外交关系,其中还发生了战争、边界冲突和跨居民族迁徙等事件,宋朝亲交趾疏大理的政治取向,利用交趾牵制大理的潜在意图以及大理与交趾的实力平衡使大理与交趾保持了长期的均势格局,总体上有利于区域和平与稳定。

The Dali Kingdom and the Vietnamese Li Dynasty were two powerful countries situated along the upper and lower reaches of the Red river respectively,who had coexisted for 216 years.Although both of the two countries formally had close vassal relationship with the Song Dynasty in the tributary system of Song-Liao and Song-Jin,they had quite different status in the Song-led international system.The status of the Vietnamese Li Dynasty was higher than that of the Dali Kingdom.The two countries in essence were independent political entities.Because the two countries were close to each other in geography,interpersonal communication and culture,they inevitably developed political and diplomatic relations.There were wars,border conflicts and inter-ethnic groups migration between the two countries.Both the political orientation and potential intention of the Song Dynasty and the balance of the two countries′power jointly maintained the long-term balanced pattern between the two countries,which was beneficial to regional peace and stability.