宁夏地区回族无偿献血者ABO和Rh血型基因频率分布的研究

Distribution of ABO and Rh blood group and gene frequencies of Hui nationality donors in Ningxia

目的了解宁夏地区回族无偿献血人群ABO及Rh血型分布规律及基因频率。方法对宁夏地区8 384例回族初次无偿献血人群进行血型鉴定。采用血型群体遗传学研究方法,进行ABO、Rh血型基因频率研究。结果宁夏回族A型、B型、O型及AB型构成比分别为28.32%、28.73%、33.28%及9.67%;期望值构成比为28.81%、29.22%、32.86%及9.10%,基因频率p=0.212 0,q=0.214 7,r=0.573 3,观察值与期望值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡。ABO血型分布频率由高到低分别为O型>B型>A型>AB型。8 384例回族献血者共检出RhD阴性82例(0.98%),其中ccdee为68.29%,Ccdee为21.95%,ccdEe为4.87%,CcdEe为2.44%,CCdee为2.44%,其期望值构成比依次为68.29%、24.58%、3.04%、0.55%及2.21%,基因频率dce为0.826 394,dCe为0.148 750,dcE为0.018 388,dCE为0.0000,观察值与期望值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡。结论宁夏地区回族无偿献血人群ABO及Rh血型分布规律及基因频率符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡,该研究对该地区采供血计划的制订、临床科学安全用血及新生儿溶血病的防治提供了依据。

Objective To investigate the distribution of ABO and Rh blood group of Hui nationality blood donor volunteers in Ningxia.Methods Blood group test results were collected among 8 384 Hui nationality donors.Blood-group-population-genetics method was adopted.The distribution of ABO and Rh blood type antigens,gene frequencies,haplotype frequencies and the expected values were analyzed using Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.Results The phenotype of A,B,O,AB was 28.32%,28.73%,33.28%and 9.67%,respectively;the expected phenotype was 28.81%,29.22%,32.86%and 9.10%;the gene frequency:p=0.212 0,q=0.214 7,r=0.573 3.The gene frequencies of ABO blood group were r>q>p and the phenotype distribution characteristics were O>B>A>AB.The expected and observed values of the ABO blood group were consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.There were 82 Rh(D)negative donors detected from 8 384 donors,accounted for 0.98%of the total population.The phenotype frequency:ccdee(68.29%)>Ccdee(21.95%)>ccdEe(4.87%)>CcdEe(2.44%)=CCdee(2.44%);haplotype gene frequency:dce(0.826 394)>dCe(0.148 750)>dcE(0.018 388)>dCE(0.000 0).Distributions of Rh phenotypes were consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.Conclusion The distributions of ABO and Rh blood groups of Hui nationality blood donor corresponds to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium,which is of importance in enacting the blood supply plan reasonably,recruiting donors and prevention of hemolytic disease of newborn.