抗菌肽对断奶仔猪生长性能、养分消化率、肠道微生物含量及绒毛结构的影响

Effects of antimicrobial peptide on growth performance,nutrient digestibility,intestinal microflora and intestinal morphology of weaning pigs

文章旨在研究日粮添加不同水平抗菌肽替代抗生素对断奶仔猪生长性能、养分消化率、肠道微生物含量及绒毛结构的影响。试验选择平均体重为(5.76±0.02)kg的21 d断奶的杜×长×大仔猪672头,根据个体大小随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复42头。试验分为1～14 d和15～28 d两个阶段,对照组饲喂基础日粮+60 mg/kg盐霉素,抗菌肽组饲喂基础日粮+0、50或100 mg/kg抗菌肽。试验进行28 d。对照组较抗菌肽组显著提高了断奶仔猪28 d体重(P <0.05),1～14 d和1～28 d日增重(P <0.05),1～14 d、15～28 d、1～28 d采食量,显著降低了1～28 d料重比(P <0.05)。随着日粮抗菌肽添加水平的升高,28 d体重、1～14 d、15～28 d及1～28 d日增重显著升高(P <0.05)。对照组较抗菌肽组显著提高了断奶仔猪14和28 d干物质、14 d粗蛋白质表观消化系数(P <0.05)。对照组较抗菌肽组显著降低了14和28 d粪中大肠杆菌含量(P <0.05),且总厌氧菌、梭菌和大肠杆菌含量随抗菌肽添加水平的升高而显著降低(P <0.05);与抗菌肽组相比,对照组显著降低了回肠总厌氧菌含量(P <0.05)。饲喂对照组日粮的断奶仔猪较抗菌肽组显著降低了空肠隐窝深度(P <0.05),显著提高了空肠绒毛高度与隐窝深度的比值(P <0.05)。根据试验结果推断,日粮添加抗菌肽可以作为抗生素替代品,具有提高断奶仔猪生长性能、干物质和粗蛋白质的表观消化率、绒毛形态及降低粪中有害菌含量的作用。

The object of this study was to estimate the effects of antimicrobial peptide on growth performance,nutrient digestibility,intestinal microflora and intestinal morphology of weaning pigs.A total of 672 weaned at 21 d with the body weight(5.76±0.02)kg were assigned to 4 groups with 4 replicates of 42 pigs.The control fed with the basal diets addition of 60 mg/kg salinomycin,while the treatment groups fed with the basal diets addition of 0,50 and 100 mg/kg antimicrobial peptide.This trial last 28 d.Pigs fed the control diet had greater(P<0.05)final body weight,average daily weight gain(1~14 d and 15~28 d),average daily feed intake(1~14 d,15~28 d and 1~28 d)and lower(P<0.05)feed gain ratio(1~28 d)than pigs fed the antimicrobial peptide diets.With the increasing level of the antimicrobial peptide,the final body weight and average daily weight gain(1~14 d,15~28 d and 1~28 d)significantly increased(P<0.05).Pigs fed the control diet had greater(P<0.05)apparent digestibility of dry matter(14 and 28 d)and crude protein(14 d)than pigs fed the antimicrobial peptide diets.The apparent digestibility of dry matter and crude protein increased at both 14 and 28 d with the increasing levels of antimicrobial peptide(P<0.05).Pigs fed the control diet had lower(P<0.05)cecal total anaerobic bacteria and coliform populations than the antimicrobial peptide groups.Increasing the level of the antimicrobial peptide reduced the populations of total anaerobic bacteria,coliforms in ileum and cecum and clostridia in cecum)at 28 d(P<0.05).The control group reduced(P<0.05)crypt depth and increased villus height to crypt depth ratio of the jejunum than the antimicrobial peptide groups.Increasing the level of antimicrobial peptide increased(P<0.05)villus height and villus height to crypt depth ratio and decreased crypt depth of the duodenum and jejunum.In conclusion,the antimicrobial peptide can replace the antibiotic,which had beneficial effects on the growth performance,apparent digestibility of dry matter and crude protein,intestinal morphology and reduce the harmful bacteria contents in both feces and intestine.