休闲、身体与自我——城市马拉松流行的社会生成逻辑

Leisure,Body and Self:Sociological Generating Logic of Popular Urban Marathon

为了更好地探究风靡国内大部分城市的长跑运动背后的社会文化动因,基于有关体育健身的社会学理论,对当前的城市马拉松现象进行了理论层面的解析。指出了城市马拉松具有深度休闲的特征,参与主体为中产阶层,蕴含着身体社会学、现象学社会学以及消费社会学等多种意义,整个运动过程具有自我认同的功能。这些因素共同导致了马拉松在当代城市居民生活中的流行。中产阶层能成为马拉松跑者的主体,主要是由这一阶层所具有的经济地位、人格特质、可支配时间以及特定的社会心态所导致。城市马拉松是中产跑者建构自我认同的重要方式。

In order to further explore the social and cultural reasons behind the long-distance running in China’s major cities,based on the sociological theories of sports and fitness,this paper analyzes the current marathon phenomenon in the city.The overall analysis result shows that urban marathon has several characteristics:it is a form of serious leisure;the main participants are middle class;it contains many meanings such as sociology of the body,phenomenological sociology and consumer sociology;the whole process embodies the function of self-identity.These factors have led to the popularity of marathon in the contemporary life of urban residents.The final conclusions of this paper include the following aspects:the economic status,personality traits,disposable time and particular social mentality of the middle class are the reasons why they can constitute the main body of marathon runners;urban marathon is an important way for middle class runners to build their self-identity.