粤港澳大湾区的科技创新与经济增长

Technology Innovation and Economic Growth of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

采用空间自回归模型,选取粤港澳大湾区2008—2017年的面板数据,探讨粤港澳大湾区的科技创新与经济增长的空间依存结构,以及科技创新对经济增长的直接影响和溢出效应。实证发现:(1)某地区的科技创新显著促进该地区经济增长,对临近区域经济发展也存在溢出促进作用,但溢出效应的作用程度仅为直接效应的一半。(2)资本要素投入对本地区经济增长有显著的驱动作用,对临近区域经济发展也存在溢出效应,资本投入的直接效应和溢出效应均远高于科技创新对经济增长的作用。(3)劳动要素投入对经济增长的直接效应和溢出效应均不显著。政策启示:汇聚大湾区乃至国际的创新资源,实施更加"协同"的创新驱动发展是粤港澳大湾区发展的战略首选;破除科技创新资源在区域间自由流动和自由发挥作用的各种约束和壁垒,更好地发挥科技创新的直接促进作用和空间溢出影响。

This paper aims to investigate spatial structure and correlations of technology innovation and economic growth in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) by using a spatial autoregressive model. Empirical evidences using a panel data set from 2008 to 2017 show that (1) technology innovation of a city measured by numbers of authorized patents significantly drives its economic growth and has a significant positive spillover effect on its neighbor city's growth. The degree of technology spillover effect on growth is about half of direct effect.(2) Capital input of a city significantly drives its economic growth and its spillover effect on neighbor city is also significant. The direct and spillover effect of capital input on growth is much higher than the corresponding effect of technology innovation on growth.(3) There is no significant evidence of labor input effect on growth. Policy suggestions for GBA is to take a more synergetic strategy of technology innovation by aggregating the innovation resources of GBA and even of the world, and to alleviate any obstacles which may limit the free-moving of innovation resources between GBA cities.