话语标记“看样子”的语用分析

Pragmatic Analysis of “Kanyangzi(看样子)” as a Discourse Marker

作为话语标记,"看样子"在语篇结构上,由"观察对象"和"结论"两部分组成,具有篇章连接功能。语用上,"看样子"具有较强的主观性,常用于推断和委婉表达,具有元语言功能。该成分经历了一个由动宾短语到话语标记的发展过程,其中结构上的凝固化、语义上的主观化和语法功能上的虚化是"看样子"变成话语标记的主要原因。

"Kanyangzi(看样子)" is a newly developing discourse marker.As a discourse marker with the function of text connection,its discourse structure is composed by two parts:observable object and conclusion.Pragmatically,“Kanyangzi(看样子)" is highly subjective,often used in inference and euphemism and has metalinguistic functions.This component has experienced a process from the verb-object phrase to the discourse marker.The structural solidification,the subjectivization of the semantic and the grammaticalization of the function are the main reasons for the“Kanyangzi(看样子)" to become a discourse marker.