云南和河北部分农村贫困地区低龄留守儿童性与生殖健康认知情况

Cognition of sexual and reproductive health of young left behind children from regional poverty rural areas of Yunan and Hebei provinces of China

目的:了解和掌握我国云南和河北农村地区留守小学生的生殖健康现状,为下一步研究提供依据。方法:采用分层整群抽样,抽取调查对象205人,采用自制调查表进行自填式调查。采用SPSS 13.0软件进行分析。结果:留守小学生祖辈监护比例>90.0%,尽管有一定的生殖健康常识,如了解并有身体隐私部位保护意识(>80.0%),但总体而言,生殖健康知识低下,约八成的应答者不知道或不了解"月经",半数人不了解如何导致妊娠。缺乏获得正确生殖健康知识和有效沟通生殖健康相关问题的途径(半数应答者不与长辈交流相关问题)。出现可能的不良性行为时缺乏健康意识。对于意外妊娠,云南省66.3%,河北省仅14.0%的人选择就医。结论:亟需在充分考虑地域文化特点的前提下,在农村地区加强以多部门联合为基础,学校为核心,家庭成员参与的青少年性与生殖健康教育,提高农村留守儿童性与生殖健康意识,提高其自我保护能力,从而提高该人群的远期生殖健康水平。

Objective:To investigate the status of reproductive health of the left behind children from the rural areas of Yun'nan and Hebei Provinces.Methods:Stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 205 eligible participants as the target population.Epidemiological survey using self-designed questionnaire was conducted.All the analyses were done by SPSS software (version 13.0).Results:The proportion of grandparents' guardianship for Left behind pupils' was high (>90.0%).Though they had a little knowledge of reproductive health (for example,more than 80.0% of them knew and had a sense of body privacy protection),their knowledge of reproductive health was still scarce (about 80.0% of them did not know "menstruation " and 50.0% of them did not know the behavior leading to pregnancy).Half of them could not or were not willing to talk about the reproductive problems with their parents and the other elders.Most of them were lack of health awareness when they faced to possible adverse sexual behavior occurs.For unplanned pregnancy,only 2/3 of the participants from Yun'nan and 14.0% of those from Hebei province would visit a doctor.Conclusion:In order to improve the reproductive health of the left behind children from Chinese rural areas,some special strategy and methods such as reproductive health education for the youth based on multi sectoral participation,school focused on,and family members involved in,should be performed immediately.