粉煤灰提铝渣对土壤养分及芹菜生长与品质的影响

Effects of aluminum-extracion residues of fly ash: the silicate-calcium slag on soil nutrient and the growth and quality of celery

为探究高铝粉煤灰提铝副产物硅钙渣对土壤养分及芹菜生长与品质的影响,通过盆栽试验研究了不同施加量(0,0.5,1,2,3 g·kg^(-1))的硅钙渣对华南红壤的pH值和有效Ca,Mg,Si等养分含量及其对芹菜株高、产量和营养品质的影响.结果表明,施加0.5～3 g·kg^(-1)的硅钙渣能显著提高酸性土壤的pH值(4.98～7.15),使土壤趋于中性,增加土壤矿质元素(Ca,Mg,Si)的有效态含量,其中施加量与土壤pH值、有效Ca,Mg,Si含量具有极显著相关关系.施加硅钙渣能促进芹菜生长发育,芹菜叶片叶绿素含量提高7.10%～15.00%,株高增加-11.98%～10.63%,产量增加4.52%～45.92%.同时,促进芹菜营养吸收,提高芹菜营养品质,芹菜中Ca,Mg含量分别增加了2.74%～17.10%和22.80%～57.31%;Ca,Mg吸收量分别增加了14.79%～80.47%和44.82%～114.51%;叶片及茎秆维生素C含量分别提高了1.04～1.81倍和1.41～2.67倍.说明高铝粉煤灰提铝副产物硅钙渣是一种很好的硅钙肥原料,有利于抑制土壤酸化,补充土壤有效矿质养分,促进植物生长发育并提高营养品质.

In order to study the effect of silicate calcium residue,a by-product of high aluminum fly ash,on soil nutrient and celery growth and quality,a pot experiments were conducted to study the pH and available calcium,magnesium and silicon of south China red soil in different application rates(0,0.5,1,2,3 g ·kg ^-1 ) of silicate-calcium slag .Then the effect on plant height and the yield nutritional quality of celery were studied.The result shows that applying 0.5~3 g ·kg ^-1 of silicate-calcium slag can significantly increase the pH value of acidic soil(4.98~7.15),make the soil pH value tend to neutral and increase the available content of mineral elements (Ca,Mg,Si) in the soil .The application rates has a significant correlation with soil pH and available Ca,Mg,and Si contents.Besides,the growth of celery can be promoted,reflecting in the chlorophyll content of celery leaves increased by 7.10%~15.00%,the plant height increased by -11.98%~10.63% and the yield increased by 4.52%~45.92%.At the same time,applying silicate-calcium slag can promote the nutrient absorption of celery and improve the nutritional quality of celery:the calcium and magnesium contents of celery increased by 2.74%~17.10% and 22.80%~57.31%,respectively;the absorption of calcium and magnesium increased by 14.79%~80.47% and 44.82%~114.51% respectively;the content of vitamin C in leaves and stems increased by 1.04~1.81 times and 1.41~2.67 times,respectively.The results show that silicon-calcium slag,a by-product of high-aluminum fly ash,is a good silicon-calcium fertilizer raw material,which is beneficial to improve soil acidity,supplement soil effective mineral nutrients,promote plant growth and development and improve nutritional quality.