离子型稀土矿无铵化浸取剂实验研究

Experimental Study on Ammonium-free Leaching Reagent for Ion-type Rare Earth Ore

为从源头控制离子型稀土矿原地浸矿工艺采用传统药剂造成的氨氮污染,通过柱浸流程实验,对比了氯化铁/铝、硫酸镁等无铵浸取剂的稀土浸出性能,以及氢氧化钠、碳酸(氢)钠的除杂沉淀性能。结果表明,氯化铁和氯化铝是较为理想的无铵浸取剂,氢氧化钠和碳酸(氢)钠可分别作为无铵除杂剂和沉淀剂。与传统药剂相比,无铵药剂用于原地浸矿具有浸取能力强、单耗用量少、浸取成本低、环境容量大等优势。

In order to control ammonia-nitrogen pollution caused by traditional reagents for ion-type rare earth ores by in-situ leaching at the source,column leaching tests were performed for comparing the leaching performance of rare earth with ammonium-free leaching reagents such as ferric chloride,or aluminium chloride and magnesium sulfate,as well as investigating impurity removal and precipitation performance of sodium hydroxide and sodium hydrogen carbonate. The results showed that ferric chloride and aluminum chloride were ideal ammonium-free leaching agents,and sodium hydroxide and sodium ( hydrogen) carbonate could be used as ammonium-free impurities remover and precipitants, respectively. Compared with traditional reagents, the recommended ammonium-free reagent has better leaching performance,lower single consumption,lower leaching cost and larger environmental capacity.