3种水质调控方式下春季参池环境及刺参肠道的细菌群落结构

Bacterial flora structures in intestinal tract and pond environment of sea cucumber under three water quality regulation methods in spring

为研究养水机在调控刺参Apostichopus japonicus池塘水质中的作用,通过16S rDNA高通量测序方法研究了养水机(功率750 W)、自然纳潮、微孔曝气3种水质调控方式下春季刺参池塘环境及刺参肠道菌群结构。结果表明:参池水样、沉积物和刺参肠道中共含有变形菌门Proteobacteria、拟杆菌门Bacteroidetes、疣微菌门Verrucomicrobia、厚壁菌门Firmicutes、浮霉菌门Planctomycetes、放线菌门Actinocteria、蓝细菌门Cyanobacteria、绿弯菌门Chloroflexi、酸杆菌门Acidobacteria、芽单胞菌门Gemmatimonadetes;仅微孔曝气参池水样中第一优势菌为拟杆菌门(61.9%),微孔曝气参池沉积物、刺参肠道及其他参池水样、沉积物、刺参肠道中第一优势菌均为变形菌门(≥55.9%);养水机参池水样和沉积物中Simpson优势度指数最低,Chao1、ACE、Shannon指数均最高,该池刺参肠道中ACE、Shannon指数均最高。研究表明,养水机有利于池塘环境中的细菌多样性和刺参肠道细菌多样性。

Bacterial flora structures in intestinal tract and pond environment were investigated in a sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus pond of 600 m in length×85 m in width, 1.2-2.0 m in depth 3 days before spring tide in March of 2017 in coastal Dalian under three water quality regulation methods including a 750 W water quality regulator, a micropore aeration system, and natural pond without any aeration system by 16 S rRNA high throughput sequencing method. The results showed that there were 10 phyla of bacterial preponderance flora including Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia, Firmicutes, Planctomycetes, Actinocteria, Cyanobacteria, Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria, and Gemmatimonadetes in the pond water, sediment and intestinal tract. The bacteroidetes(61.9%) were found to be the first dominant phylum in the ponds environment and intestinal tract with three water quality regulation methods, besides proteobacteria(>55.9%) were the first dominant phylum in the sea cucumber ponds water with micropore aeration systems. The minimal Simpon index and the maximal indices of Chao1, ACE and Shannon were observed in water and sediments in the sea cucumber ponds with water quality regulators, meanwhile the maximal ACE and Shannon indices were seen in the intestines in the sea cucumber ponds with water quality regulators. The findings indicate that water quality regulators could promote the diversity of bacteria in the pond, with the maximal diversity of bacteria in the testiness of the sea cucumber in the ponds with water quality regulators.