北京平谷西部矿集区附近土壤重金属特征

The characteristics of heavy metals near the western mining area in Pinggu district,Beijing

文章以平谷西部金属矿山及矿集区为研究区,采集土壤样品169个,开展区域土壤的重金属污染研究。采用X荧光光谱法、等离子原子发射光谱法等现代测试技术,分析了土壤中重金属(As、Hg、Cd、Cr、Zn、Cu、Pb、Ni)的含量;采用ArcGIS反距离权重插值数学模型和SPSS多元统计方法对土壤重金属空间分布及污染特征进行综合研究;运用潜在生态危害指数法进行生态风险评价。结果表明,研究区域土壤中重金属含量与背景值倍数大小依次是Cd>Pb>As>Zn>Cu>Hg>Ni>Cr;重金属危害程度由大到小依次为Cd>As>Pb>Hg>Cu>Ni>Zn>Cr;8种重金属潜在生态危害指数RI值在52.11～32 875.38之间。综上所述,研究区域的土壤重金属存在不同程度的风险。

The paper takes the metal mines and mine concentration area in west of Pinggu as research area. 169 soil samples were collected from there to conduct study on heavy metal pollution in the soil. Modern testing techniques such as X fluorescence spectrometry and plasma atomic emission spectrometry are adopted to analyze the contents of heavy metals (As, Hg, Cd, Cr, Zn, Cu, Pb, Ni) in soil .The pollution characteristics and spatial distribution of soil heavy metals around mine-concentrated area in Mentougou were comprehensive studied using Arc GIS inverse distance weighted interpolation mathematical model and SPSS multivariate statisticalanalysis. Potential ecological hazard index method was used to evaluate ecological risk. The results showed that the multiple of heavy metal content and background value in soil of the research area were in the order of Cd>Pb>As>Zn>Cu>Hg>Ni>Cr. The degree of damage of heavy metals was Cd>As>Pb> Hg> Cu>Ni>Zn>Cr. The RI value of the eight heavy metals was 52.11~32 875.38. In summary, the heavy metals in soil of the study area have different degrees of risk.