河北张家口矿山地质环境问题及生态修复治理对策

Mine geological and environmental problems of Zhangjiakou and countermeasures for ecological restoration

张家口市矿产资源丰富,是河北省矿产资源大市之一。由于矿产资源的不合理开发利用,引发了各种各样的矿山地质环境问题,矿山地质环境保护与恢复治理任务十分艰巨。张家口战略地位十分独特,既是北京的主要饮用水源地,又是西部和北部风沙侵入京津的两条通道,张家口的生态环境严重影响和决定着首都北京的生态环境。京津冀协同发展、建设"首都水源涵养功能区和生态环境支撑区"和北京市携手张家口承办"2022年冬奥会"的3个重大历史机遇,也倒逼张家口必须尽快修复和治理各类矿山环境地质问题,促进张家口转型升级、绿色崛起。通过分析张家口矿产资源利用现状和主要的矿山地质环境问题分类,从矿山地质环境管理、生态修复治理的政策、思路、资金渠道和技术方法方面为矿山环境修复治理提供了对策。

Zhangjiakou City is rich in mineral resources and is one of the major mineral resources cities in Hebei Province. Due to the irrational development and utilization of mineral resources, various geological and environmental problems of mines have arisen, and the tasks of mine geological environment protection and restoration and management are very arduous. Zhangjiakou has a unique strategic position. It is not only the main drinking water source in Beijing, but also the two channels for the wind and sand in the west and north to invade Beijing and Tianjin. The ecological environment of Zhangjiakou seriously affects and determines the ecological environment of the capital Beijing. Beijing and Zhangjiakou cooperated to host the 2022 Winter Olympics, and it is forced to repair and manage various environmental and geological problems of mines as soon as possible. By analyzing the current situation of Zhangjiakou mineral resources utilization and the classification of major mine geological environment problems, it provides countermeasures for mine environmental restoration and management from the aspects of mine geological environment management, ecological restoration and management policies, ideas, funding channels and technical methods.