人机合智:机器智能和人类智能的未来相处之道

Human-Computer Intelligence: A Way of Cooperation Between Machine Intelligence and Human Intelligence in the Future

人工智能的迅速发展在推动社会进步的同时,也造成许多社会恐慌。西方主流观念将不断发展的人工智能视为毁灭人类的武器,但是中国科学家以及产业界人士对人工智能的看法却与西方有所不同。传统中国思想中谨慎乐观的思想观念,指导中国人更乐观和辩证地看待人工智能的发展。与人类相比,人工智能尽管在运算的持续性、算法的推广性、记忆的准确性以及排除不相关因素的能力等方面有很大优势,但是在通用性、问题迁移、运算成本、逻辑思考等方面也存在诸多不足。当前主流的深度学习在决策领域还存在巨大缺陷。人类虽然需要花费很长的时间去理解和记忆知识,但是人类思维的灵活性以及通用性恰恰弥补了其中的不足。因此人类智能与人工智能正是智能硬币的两个方面,互为条件且不可或缺。人类本身的独特性是机器无法替代的,但是人类却不应当将机器视为仆人,而是尊重机器智能,用善意来引导机器智能。

The rapid development of artificial intelligence not only promotes social progress,but also causes many social panics.The mainstream Western concepts regard the evolving AI as a weapon to destroy human beings,but Chinese scientists and people in industry have different views on AI.The idea of cautious optimism in traditional Chinese thought guides Chinese people to perceive the development of artificial intelligence more optimistically and dialectically.Compared with human beings,AI has great advantages in persistence of operation,generalization of algorithm,accuracy of memory and ability of eliminating irrelevant factors,but it also has many shortcomings in generality,problem migration,operation cost and logical thinking.At present,the mainstream of deep learning still has great shortcomings in the field of decision-making.Although it takes a long time for human beings to understand and memorize knowledge,the flexibility and versatility of human thinking just make up for the shortcomings.Therefore,human intelligence and artificial intelligence are just two sides of a coin,which are mutually conditional and indispensable.The uniqueness of human beings is irreplaceable by machines.Human beings should not regard machines as servants,and should respect machine intelligence and guide machine intelligence with goodwill.