生态学视角下我国科技成果转化政策研究

Research on the Science and Technological Achievements Transformation in China from the Perspective of Ecology

[目的/意义]旨在为我国制订科技成果转化政策提供参考。[方法/过程]以北大法宝网站、各政府官网、地方科技厅等权威网站作为数据来源,收集科技成果转化政策,结合生态学的相关概念,对政策的发文时间、发布部门、文种类型等特征进行定量分析,分析科技成果转化相关政策的特点及存在的问题。[结果/结论]政策生态系统具有"生物多样性",存在不同主体类型。省级层面的条例类数量不足,各省份要督促相关部门尽快出台。政策生产者具有更强的上下级关系和权威性。在政策生态链层面,有自上而下的纵向生态链,也有同级部门之间的横向生态链,但横向生态链数量较少,不利于地方优势的挖掘和利用,要加强各层级同级部门之间的联系。

[Purpose/significance] The paper is to provide references for policy making of science and technological achievements transformation in China.[Method/process] Based on the data from PKULAW website, government websites, local science and technology bureaus and other authoritative websites, the paper collects transformation policies of scientific and technological achievements, combining with the relevant core concepts of ecology, makes a quantitative analysis on policy issuance time, publishing departments and types of articles, and analyzes the characteristics and existing problems of science and technological achievements transformation policy.[Result/conclusion] It is found that the policy ecosystem also has “biodiversity” and has different main types. The number of regulations at the provincial level is insufficient, and the provinces should urge relevant departments to introduce them as soon as possible. The policy producers have stronger superior-subordinate relationship and authority. At the level of policy ecological chain, there are vertical ecological chain and horizontal ecological chain among the departments, but the number of the horizontal ecological chain is quite small, which is not conducive to the exploitation and utilization of local advantages. Therefore, we should strengthen the links among the departments on the same level and on all levels.