城市绿地植物群落优化配置方法初探

Preliminary Study on Plant Community Optimization of Urban Green Space

植物群落是城市绿地的基本组成单元,群落结构的合理性是影响城市绿地健康稳定发展的关键。针对城市绿地群落结构中存在的树种选择违背适地适树原则、多样性不足,初植密度过大,植物配置跟风、结构不合理等问题;从优化植物群落配置的角度出发,分别从"树种选择—种植密度—配置模式—组合评价体系"等角度总结出当前国内对于城市绿地植物群落优化调控的方法和先进经验,提出了从物种选择、密度指标和格局设计等方面进行源头控制,加强群落结构动态发展管理和控制配置比例,根据评价体系不断升级城市绿地群落结构等优化策略。

Plant community is the basic unit of urban green space, and the rationality of community structure is the key to the healthy and stable development of urban green space. The problems on the selection of tree species in the community structure of urban green space included that the principle of suitable location and tree species was violated, the diversity was insufficient, the initial planting density was too high, the plant configuration followed the crowd, and the structure was unreasonable. The system of “species selection-planting density-configuration mode-combination evaluation ” was utilized to sum up the optimizing control method and the advanced experience of current domestic garden plant community from the perspective of the optimizing allocation of plant community. Some optimization strategies, such as controlling the source from species selection, density index and landscape design, strengthening the management of community structure dynamics and allocation controlling, and upgrading the community structure according to the evaluation system, were put forward.