论清末民初中国红十字会构建公信力的举措及其效果

On the Measures and Effects of Building Credibility of the Red CrossSociety of China in the Late Qing Dynasty and Early Republic of China

清末民初是中国红十字会的初创和发展时期。此时的中国红十字会基本上是一个民办慈善组织,其经费来源主要依靠募捐,如何赢得社会信任、提高公信力就直接关系到红十字会的生死存亡。中国红十字会借鉴西方的三权分立原则,建立起相互制衡的组织结构,为构建公信力提供了制度保障。在财务公开方面,中国红十字会既沿袭清代以来善堂的传统做法,编印《征信录》,将收支信息公布于众,利用报刊及时登载捐款信息,最大限度地做到了财务公开。1912年中国红十字会全国统一后,又对各地擅自设立的红十字会进行查禁,以维护红十字会的声誉。中国红十字会通过这些举措,募集了巨额资金,取得了显著的业绩,赢得了国内外的赞誉。中国红十字会构建公信力的举措,不仅使它成为近代最具公信力的慈善组织之一,对今天慈善组织公信力的建设也具有较强的借鉴意义。

The late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China were the period of the establishment and development of the Red Cross Society of China.Basically, the Society was a civil charitable organization. Since its funds came mainly from fund-raising,so how to win social trust and build credibility was directly related to its survival.Therefore,the Red Cross Society of China,drawing on the principle of the separation of powers in the West,created an organizational structure of mutual check and balance,which provided an institutional guarantee for the construction of credibility.In terms of financial disclosure,following the traditional practice of charitable organizations since the Qing Dynasty,the Society compiled and printed Report ofContributions, and published donation information in the newspapers to disclosure its finance.After unifying the Red Cross societies in China in 1912, the Society banned the Red Crossorganizations having been set up throughout the countrywithout permissionso as to maintain its reputation.Through the above measures,the Red Cross Society of China raised huge sums of money,achieved significant results and won the praise at home and abroad.The initiative of the Red Cross Society of China to build credibility not only makes it one of the most credible charitable organizations in modern times,but also has a strong reference significance for the construction of credibility of today’s charitable organizations.