欧美青年亚文化学派的逻辑展开以及中国学派的创建

The Logic Development of the Euro-American School of Youth Subcultural Study and the Creation of Chinese School

欧美青年亚文化学派历经芝加哥学派、伯明翰学派之后,进入后亚文化时代:芝加哥学派触发青年亚文化研究的初兴;伯明翰学派促进青年亚文化研究的推进;新媒介刺激后亚文化研究的拓展。但是,后亚文化之后,青年亚文化研究面临三大困境:对以阶级为核心的结构性不平等的漠视,使得后亚文化理论的解释力大打折扣;对政治因素和权力干预的忽视,使得后亚文化研究成果无法解释诸多青年亚文化现象背后的本质;由社会分工的差异带来的职业差异,对塑造不同青年群体的文化和身份认同仍然发挥着不可忽视的重要作用。走出青年亚文化研究的现实困境,创建青年亚文化中国学派既有很大的必要性,又有现实的可能性。创建青年亚文化中国学派的途径包含"理论取向"和"理论建构"两个层面。

The Euro-American school of youth subculture research had gone through the experiences of Chicago School and the Birmingham School, and finally entered the post-subculture era. The Chicago School triggered the initial development of youth subculture research;the Birmingham School boosted the promotion of youth subculture research;and the new media stimulated the farther development of post-subculture research. However, after the post-subculture, the youth subculture research faces three major difficulties: the indifference to the structural inequality with class as the core, which greatly reduced the explanatory power of the post-subculture theory;the neglect of political factors and power intervention, making it impossible for post-subculture research to explain the essence behind many youth subcultural phenomena;occupational differences brought about by differences in social division of labor, which still play an important role in shaping the culture and identity of different youth groups. In order to walk out of the factual predicament of the youth subculture research, we should focus on the great necessities and possibilities of the establishment of the Chinese School of youth subculture. The ways to create the Chinese School of youth subculture include both the exploration of "theoretical orientation" and "theoretical construction".