新疆北疆地区春季湖羊养殖场环境指标与羔羊健康状况调查

Survey on Environmental Parameters of Hu Sheep Breeding Farms and Lamb Healthy Status in Spring in Northern Xinjiang

为探明新疆北疆地区集约化肉羊养殖环境的四季变化规律,对新疆北疆地区春季某集约化湖羊养殖场新生羔羊舍、育肥羔羊舍及繁殖羊舍相关环境指标进行了监测,采集24 h变化数据,同时进行羔羊健康与疾病临床观察。结果表明,该羊场春季每天采光时间为07:00～21:00,约14 h;羊舍平均温度超过国家行业标准(China industry standard,CIS)限值(10～15℃);光照强度、湿度和噪音平均值未超过国家标准限值;NH_3、CO_2、CH_4、PM_(10)和TSP浓度平均值未超过国家标准限值。春季羔羊主要疾病为腹泻、肺炎和营养不良导致的瘫痪,发病率12.88%,死亡率6.25%。与《牲畜和家禽养殖场的环境质量标准(NY/T 388-1999)》对照,该场春季羊舍平均温度从08:00～23:00,约有15 h超过最高上限。

To investigate the seasonal variation law of intensive mutton sheep farm breeding environment in northern Xinjiang, the environmental indexes of new born lamb house, fattening lamb house, breeding house from an intensive Hu sheep breeding farm in northern Xinjiang were monitored for 10 days in the spring. The data at 07:00,15:00, 23:00(5 d) as well as variation at 24h (5d) were collected, and the lambs health and disease status were clinically observed. The results showed that the daily lighting time was 07: 00~21: 00, about 14 h, and the average light intensity, temperature, humidity and noise were(496.7±111.33)lx,(20.93±0.98)℃,(36.32±1.95)% and(59.71±0.70)dB, respectively. The average value of NH 3, CO 2 and CH 4 were(0.18±0.07)mg/m 3,(715.80±10.55)mg/m 3 and 0 mg/m 3, respectively. The average density of PM 10 and TSP were(0.008±0.002)mg/m 3 and (0.033±0.001)mg/m 3. The main diseases of lambs in the spring were diarrhea, pneumonia and paralysis caused by malnutrition, with the morbidity of 12.19% and the mortality of 6.25%. The average temperature of the sheep farm from 08: 00 to 23:00 over 15 hours exceeded the limits if comparing it with “The Standard of Environmental Quality in the Livestock and Poultry Farms”(NY/T388-1999).