基于扰动声线声压敏感核的浅水小目标定位

Small target localization in shallow water based on the sound pressure sensitivity kernel for perturbed eigenrays

针对收发合置声呐在浅水信道中对小目标的定位能力受强混响制约的问题,利用目标前向散射开展了声屏障实验研究。本文将扰动声线声压敏感核方法应用于小目标定位,仿真分析了不同水底模型精度下的定位性能。仿真结果表明:该方法不仅适用于存在水底测量误差的情况,而且当水底起伏不大时,直接将其近似为平底仍可确定目标的大致位置,其中对于水体中上部的目标定位效果更好。湖试数据结果表明:基于扰动声线声压敏感核的定位方法在自然环境下仍然适用,并且定位效果与仿真结果一致。

The monostatic sonar′s ability to locate small targets declines significantly owing to the strong reverberation in shallow water waveguides. An experimental study on an acoustic barrier was conducted through the forward scattering of targets. Small target positioning was achieved by utilizing the sound pressure sensitivity kernel for perturbed eigenrays, which was previously used in large target localization. Further, performance simulations were performed under different precision conditions of the bottom model. The simulation results indicate the superiority of this method in two aspects. First, it exhibits robustness to bottom measurement error. Second, for the bottom part that fluctuates within a proper range, the targets can also be located approximately by directly assuming the bottom to be flat, particularly when the targets are located in the upper-middle part of the water column. Additionally, experiments were made in the lake. The lake test results suggest that the localization method based on the sound pressure sensitivity kernel for perturbed eigenrays is applicable for assessing real environments. Finally, the localization performance is found to be consistent with simulation results.