民法典继承编应弘扬社会主义核心价值观——兼论《民法典各分编继承编(草案)》

Core Socialist Values in the Inheritance Part of Civil Code

《民法总则》第1条规定,"弘扬社会主义核心价值观"是民事立法的目的之一,未来的民法典的继承编应当通过完善和制定相关制度践行这一立法目的。确认自然人的私有财产都可为遗产,确保遗产不被遗漏和不受损害,并通过扩大法定继承人的范围、扩大继承权相对丧失的情形,确保遗产能够有人继承,以弘扬"富强"价值观。规定特留份制度和归扣制度,明确承认继承协议的效力,维护家庭关系的稳定和谐,以弘扬"和谐"价值观。对公婆、岳父母尽了赡养义务的丧偶儿媳、女婿,赋予其酌情分得遗产请求权,以弘扬"公正"、"平等"价值观。对于在形式上存在一定瑕疵但不影响真实性的遗嘱,应当认可该遗嘱的效力,并承认替补继承、后位继承,认可夫妻共同遗嘱,以弘扬"自由"价值观。

Article 1 of the General Principles of Civil Law stipulates that “carrying forward core socialist values” is one of the purposes of civil legislation, and the inheritance part of civil code should fulfill it by perfecting and formulating relevant systems. The value of “prosperity” can be carried forward by recognizing that the private property of natural persons can be heritages, ensuring that the heritages are not left out or damaged and can be inherited by people by expanding the scope of legal heirs and expanding the situation of relative loss of inheritance rights. The special retention system and the referral system are stipulated, the validity of the inheritance agreement is clearly recognized, and the stability and harmony of family relations are maintained to carry forward the value of “harmony”. The widowed daughter-in-law and son-in-law who have fulfilled their obligation to support their parents-in-law have given them the right to request the inheritance at their discretion to carry forward values of “justice” and “equality”. For a will that has a certain form but does not affect the authenticity, the validity of it should be recognized, and the succession of the substitute, the succession of the latter, and the common will of the husband and wife should be recognized to carry forward the value of “freedom”.