16SrRNA测序技术在肠道菌群检测中的研究进展

Research progress of 16SrRNA sequencing technology in detection of intestinal flora

16SrRNA测序技术是最常用的高通量测序依赖的组学技术之一,由于其结构和碱基排列复杂度适中,较易于进行序列测定和分析比较。人体肠道内寄居着数量庞大、种类繁多的微生物,与宿主形成一个相互依赖且相互制约的微生态系统,在宿主营养吸收和代谢、能量供应、免疫调节和对病原体的保护中起不可替代的作用。由于16SrRNA基因是原核微生物进行系统化分类研究时最常用的分子标志物,可对肠道微生物中的所有菌种进行精确定量。因此,综述了近年来16SrRNA基因序列分析技术在肠道菌群中的应用,为今后完善16SrRNA测序技术提供帮助。

16SrRNA sequencing technology is one of the most commonly used high-throughput sequencing-dependent omics techniques. Due to the moderate complexity of structure and base alignment, it is easier to perform sequence determination and analysis comparison. A large number of large-scale microorganisms in the human intestines form an interdependent and mutually restrictive micro-ecological system with the host, which plays an irreplaceable role in host nutrient absorption and metabolism, energy supply, immune regulation and protection of pathogens. Since the 16SrRNA gene is the most commonly used molecular marker for systematic classification studies of prokaryotic microorganisms, all strains in intestinal microorganisms can be accurately quantified. In this study, the application of 16SrRNA gene sequence analysis technology in intestinal flora has been reviewed in recent years, which will help to improve 16SrRNA sequencing technology in the future.