宝鸡郭家崖汉唐墓发掘简报

The Excavation of the Burials of the Han and Tang Dynasties at Guojiaya in Baoji

郭家崖两座汉墓是宝鸡周边地区经过抢救发掘获得资料较为完整的汉代砖室墓葬。M15随葬的摇钱树,是四川汉墓的典型器物,在秦岭以北比较罕见,对了解与研究宝鸡在古代与巴蜀地区的文化交流传播途径至关重要。与摇钱树共出五铢钱与剪轮五铢钱,可隶定这座墓葬的年代为东汉。出土的随葬器物与宝鸡地区同期同规格的墓葬不同,主要是陶罐与陶盆,其它器种如东汉墓葬中常见的釉陶壶、陶钫、陶奁、陶仓、陶灶、陶盒、陶鼎以及家禽家猪一类动物陶俑不见出现,似乎又与墓主人的身份地位不大相称。唐墓属于小型墓葬,出土的开元通宝可以隶定这座墓葬时代在唐初。墓道、甬道、刀把形墓室三要素在唐墓发展史上有重要意义。

The two burials of the Han Dynasty recovered by rescue excavation at Guojiaya are the brick-chamber tombs of the Han Dynasty yielding rather complete materials found nearby Baoji.The bronze“money tree”unearthed from M15 is typical artifact in the burials of the Han Dynasty in Sichuan,but rarely seen to the north of the Qinling Mountains,so it is rather important for understandings and studies on the approaches of the cultural communications between Baoji and Ba-Shu areas in the ancient times.The wuzhu coins and flange cut-away wuzhu coins unearthed together with the money tree help to date this tomb into the Eastern Han Dynasty.The grave goods of these two tombs are different from those from the tombs of the same period and same ranks:they are mostly pottery jars and basins,but the artifacts such as glazed pottery vases,fang-square wine jars,lian-cosmetic cases,granaries,stoves,boxes,ding-tripods and figurines of domestic animals,are absent,which seem not matching the statuses of the tomb occupants.The burial of the Tang Dynasty is a small-sized cave burial,the Kaiyuan tongbao coins unearthed from which show that its date is the early Tang Dynasty.Its passage,tunnel-shaped corridor and chamber in L-shaped plan are three important elements in the development history of the burials of the Tang Dynasty.