期望、获得支持对农村子女孝评价的影响——基于湖北省红安县340农户的调查

The Impact of Expectation and Support on the Evaluation of Filial Piety among Rural Elderly:Based on the Survey of 340 Farmers in Hong'an County,Hubei Province

基于湖北省红安县340户农村老年人家庭的调查,运用有序Logistic回归分析方法考察了农村老年人对子女赡养行为的期望、实际获得的子女支持,以及老年人对子女孝顺程度的评价。研究发现:农村老年人对子女赡养行为的期望水平并不高,男性农村老年人和女性农村老年人的期望并没有显著差异,但老年人对儿子的赡养期望高于对女儿的期望;农村老年人实际获得的子女支持要高于对子女的赡养期望,且女性老人获得的支持要高于男性老人,但来自儿子和女儿的支持并不存在显著差异;农村老年人对子女的孝顺程度评价并非简单根据自己的赡养期望或子女的支持,而是根据子女支持满足自己赡养期望的程度来进行综合评判;农村老年人对子女孝顺程度的评价较高,并没有出现所谓"孝道衰落"的迹象。因而为构建和谐的家庭代际关系,一方面子女要多考虑老年人的期待与要求,尽量使自己的支持与老年人的期待相一致,另一方面老年人也要调试自己对子女赡养的认知,保持灵活心态,提高适应子女现实条件的能力。

Based on the investigation of 340 rural elderly in Hong'an County of Hubei Province,and by means of ordered logistic regression analysis,this paper investigates the expectation of supporting behavior of children in rural areas,the actual supportive behavior of children,and the rural elderly evaluation of filial piety.The study found that:the rural elderly expectations of the level of support for children is not high,male rural elderly and female rural elderly expectations are not significantly different,and the expectation of support from the son is higher than the expectation concerned with the daughter.For the rural elderly,the actual support of children is far higher than the expectations of their children,and the female elderly get higher support than the male elderly,but there is no significant difference in the support from sons and daughters.In order to build a harmoniou family relations,on the one hand,children should give more consideration to the expectation and demand of the elderly,try to make their support and the elderly expectation inagreement,on the other hand,the elderly have to debug themselves on child support cognition,remain flexible in attitude,and improve the ability to adapt to children’practical conditions.