共享农庄土地利用法律问题研究

Study on the Legal Issues of Land Use on Shared Farms

共享农庄是"共享经济"与"庄园经济"相结合的新型农业模式,具备"共享性"与"庄园性"特点,对土地利用方式造成如下影响:一是拓展了土地的多元功能,二是土地利用在主体上更具开放性,三是实现"时间分配式共有"的土地利用形式。实现了集体土地功能的突破,提高了集体土地的利用效率。但在现有土地制度下,共享农庄还存在难以取得新增建设用地、利用存量集体建设用地的渠道不顺畅、对集体农地流转的管制过严阻碍共享农庄的农地利用等问题,应采取放松对共享农庄取得新增集体建设用地的管制,单列共享农庄新增集体建设用地指标,采取以点状供地为主的灵活供地方式,通过"三权"分置促进共享农庄土地的有效利用等对策,以促进共享农庄的健康发展。

The shared farm is a new agricultural model combining the“shared economy”and the“manor economy”.It is characterized by two elements of“sharing”and“manor”.The shared farms have the following effects on the traditional land use methods:First,the shared farms expand the multiple functions of the land.Second,the land use of the shared farms is more open in the main body.Third,shared farms have achieved the segmental use of land.Therefore,sharing farms have achieved breakthroughs in collective land functions and improved utilization efficiency of collective land.However,under the existing land system,the shared farms still have difficulties in obtaining new construction land,the use of stocks for collective construction of land is not smooth,and the state’s strict control over collective farmland transfer has hindered the use of farmland for shared farms.It is necessary to relax the control of the newly-built collective construction land for the shared farm,and adopt the additional collective construction land use index for the shared farm,the flexible land supply method based on the point-like land supply,and the cultivation of the collective construction land market to revitalize the stock construction land.