社会救助机制与执行不能衔接问题研究

Research on the convergence of social assistance mechanism and execution failure

执行不能是目前司法实务界难以根治的难题,申请执行人手握胜诉法律文书却得不到即时履行,严重损害当事人的合法利益。在典型的执行不能案件中,交通肇事赔偿和刑事附带民事赔偿案件尤其突出。被执行人无法承担高昂的赔偿金,申请执行人却急需赔偿金支付医疗等费用,导致申请人陷入严重的生活困境。新修订的《社会救助暂行办法》,从社会救助层面为执行不能案件提供了司法层面之外的解决途径,针对执行不能导致生活陷入困境的社会成员可以提供必要帮助。分析社会救助机制介入执行不能案件的正当性,厘清需社会救助的执行不能案件类型,进而研究论证其存在的职能、法律和伦理正当性,可以为解决当前执行不能问题提供新思路。

Execution failure is a problem that is difficult for the judicial practice to cure.The executor of the application with the legal document can not be immediately implemented,seriously jeopardizing the legitimate interests of the parties.In the typical cases of execution failure,traffic accident compensation and criminal incidental civil compensation cases are particularly prominent.The enforced person cannot afford the high compensation,but the application executor is in urgent need of compensation for medical expenses,which causes the applicant to fall into serious living difficulties.According to the newly revised Interim Measures for Social Assistance,from the social assistance level,we can find solutions beyond the judicial level for the implementation of insolvency cases,and provide necessary assistance to the social members with living difficulties for the execution failure.By analyzing the legitimacy of the social assistance mechanism involved in the execution failure to solve the case,enumerating the types of cases that need social assistance for the execution failure,and researching and demonstrating the functional,legal and ethical legitimacy of its existence,provide new ideas to solve the problems of current execution failure.