《论语》撰编新论

A New Discussion on the Compilation of The Analects

泗水河畔庐墓三年为纂辑孔子及其弟子语录的第一个"机会之窗",其最大成就是整理和汇集了极为重要的原始记录,使后期的进一步纂辑成为可能,诸子百家仅儒家辑成《论语》可为证。《论语》中仅有极少量篇章,据其内容可断定撰于庐墓以后到曾子去世前后四五十年间,此外再没有更晚的语录进入,由此可知孔子及其弟子等语录的纂辑在曾子去世前后这一个时间点"关闭",《论语》的内容与体例由此定型。《论语》中极为精辟的成语、警句等多达一百三十余条,还首创诸如文章、文学、文献、草创、讨论、修饰、润色等大量语词。如果没有曾子等近半个世纪的第二次精心纂辑和润色,第一次编纂"草创"的孔子及其弟子语录不可能达到如此高度,而成为儒家最重要的经典。

The three years when Confucius’disciples guarded Confucius’tomb beside the Sishui River is regarded as the first“window of opportunity”for them to compile the quotations of Confucius and his disciples.Its greatest achievement is to collate and collect the extremely important original records,which makes the further compilation possible in the later period.It can be proved that only the Confucian school,in all the ancient philosophers,esp.in time of the Warring States,compiled The Analects.There are only a few chapters in The Analects,according to the contents,which can be concluded to be written in the forty or fifty years after the time of guarding Confucius’tomb and before Zeng Zi’s death.Moreover,there is no later quotation entered The Analects,and thus we can conclude that the compilation of quotations by Confucius and his disciples was stopped around the time of Zeng Zi’s death,and the content and style of The Analects were thus finalized.There are more than 130 incisive idioms and epigrams in The Analects.It also initiated words,such as Wenzhang(articles),Wenxue(literature),Wenxian(documents),Caochuang(Initiation),Taolun(discussion),Xiushi(modification)and Runse(refinement).If it were not for the time of half a century’s compilation of The Analects for the second time by Zeng Zi and other Confucius’disciples,the first compilation of the quotations of Confucius and his disciples would not have reached such a high level.So Zeng Zi and other Confucius’disciples made The Analects the most important classic of Confucianism.