发草栽培驯化研究初报

Study on Cultivation and domestication of Deschampsia caespitosa

对果洛州玛沁县野生草种发草进行了驯化栽培的初步研究,结果表明∶发草在海拔高度3800m左右的果洛地区人工栽培条件下第2年起能完成整个生育期,生育天数为130d;栽培当年生长缓慢,第2年起生长迅速,第3年长势达到高峰,株高可达81.6cm,盖度达到98.0%,越冬率达到99.0%,干草产量和种子产量分别为4426.2kg/hm^2和482.8 kg/hm^2,表现出了良好的生态性能和栽培性能;发草叶量丰富,适口性好,适合刈牧兼用,喜潮湿地带生长,可作为高寒草甸(尤其是高寒沼泽草甸)退化草地植被恢复与重建的优良草种和先锋草种。

The domestication and cultivation of local wild Deschampsia caespitosa have been studied .The results showed that Deschampsia caespitosa could finish the whole growth period from second planting year under artificial cultivation at the altitude is about 3 800m in Guoluo region. The number of growth days is about 130, the year of cultivation grows slowly. In second years grows quickly, In third years growing peak, plant height can reach 81.6 cm, coverage reached 98.0%, the rate of overwinter reached 99.0%, the hay yield and seed yield were 4426.2 kg/hm 2 and 482.8 kg/hm 2 respectively. It showed good ecological and cultivation performance with abundant leaves, good palatability, suitable for both mowing and grazing, and can be used as a good and pioneer seed for vegetation restoration and reconstruction of degraded grassland in alpine meadow.