德国精英大学国际学生留学行为影响因素分析

The Determinants of International Student Migration to Excellence Initiative Universities in Germany

提高国际学生比例是世界一流大学的共同选择,也是我国"双一流"大学提升国际化办学水平的主要着力点。本文使用6所德国"精英大学"2009-2017年期间的10个主要来源国国际学生数据,用相关系数矩阵进行主成分分析,计算德国"精英大学"国际学生留学行为关键影响因素,发现:国家发展水平指标比大学校级指标影响力度更大,留德工作的收入、移民中受过高等教育的比例、生活费和国际学生友好度四个指标影响力度最大。在所有校级指标中,毕业生雇佣力影响力次之。

Increasing the proportion of international students is the common choice of world-class universities,and it is also the main focus of China's"Double-Class"universities in the process of internationalization.The number of the international students from 10 countries in 6 German universities belonging to"Excellence Initiative"from 2009 to 2017 are analyzed with PCA method,in order to figure out the key determinants,which attract international student to"Excellence Initiative Universities"in Germany.The results show that the national-level factors have more significant influence than the university-level factors.The top four determinants are the wage in Germany,the percentage of immigrants with higher-education background,living expenses and the degree how the university behaves international-friendly.Among all university-level factors,the second influential factor is alumni employability.