算法合谋反竞争问题初探

Preliminary Study on Anticompetitive Issues of Algorithmic Collusion

随着算法的运用普及和日益复杂化,目前国际竞争执法机构和学界正紧密关注算法合谋的问题,并初步探讨在没有人类明确的"指导"下算法可能会导致公然串通或促成默契合谋的相关话题。为了引起国内学界对算法合谋命题的关注,文章结合国外实践和学术研究,介绍四种运用算法形成的新型合谋方式,解析算法合谋带来的主观意图、担责主体难以认定等挑战,提出目前中国侧重发展大数据经济战略,当下在应对算法导致的反竞争问题时当持适当保守的态度,严守反垄断法的谦抑性,密切关注国际动态,适当开展市场调查,以及时有效地应对算法合谋引发的挑战。

With the popularization and increasing complexity of the application of algorithms,the current international competition law enforcement agencies and the academic community are paying close attention to the problem of algorithmic collusion,and are preliminarily exploring the relevant topic that algorithms may lead to blatant collusion or facilitate tacit collusion without explicit guidance from humans.In order to raise the concern of domestic scholars on algorithmic collusion propositions,and based on the foreign practice and academic research,this paper introduces the four types of new collusion methods that are formed by using algorithms,and analyzes the difficulty of identifying subjective intents and responsibility in the algorithmic collusion.At present,China focuses on the development of big data economy strategies.We should adopt a conservative attitude toward the anticompetitive issues caused by the algorithmic collusion,strictly observe the ultima ratio of anti-monopoly law,pay close attention to international trends,and appropriately conduct the market research.Through these methods,we can meet the challenges caused by algorithmic collusion in a timely and effective manner.