2型糖尿病患者脉络膜厚度的变化

Changes in choroid thickness in type 2 diabetes

目的:利用光学相干断层扫描(OCT)检测并分析2型糖尿病患者脉络膜厚度的变化。方法:本研究为回顾性研究,选取2017-12～2018-05已确诊为2型糖尿病的患者90例(90眼),所有患者均行必要眼科相关检查。分组:无DR(non-diabetic retinopathy, NDR)组患者24例(24眼)、非增殖期DR(non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, NPDR)组患者33例(33眼)、增殖期DR(proliferative diabetic retinopathy, PDR)组患者33例(33眼)作为实验组,选择35例(35眼)同年龄阶段正常志愿者作为对照组。比较各组距黄斑中心凹不同距离的脉络膜厚度的变化。结果:2型糖尿病患者没有视网膜病变发生时脉络膜厚度值已下降,随着病人病变的加重,距离黄斑中心凹不同距离的脉络膜厚度显示明显变薄趋势,NDR、NPDR和PDR组患者距离黄斑中心凹不同距离脉络膜厚度均值小于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:无视网膜病变的2型糖尿病患者脉络膜厚度有变薄趋势,脉络膜厚度的测量有助于分析2型糖尿病性视网膜病变的进展。

Objective:To detect and analyze the changes of choroid thickness in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by optical coherence tomography(OCT).Methods:This study was a retrospective study,in which 90 cases(90 eyes)of patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes were selected from December 2017 to May 2018.All patients received necessary ophthalmological examination.Grouping:24 cases in Non DR(non-diabetic retinopathy,NDR)group,33 cases in non proliferation period of DR(non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy,NPDR)group,33 cases in proliferation period of DR(proliferative diabetic retinopathy,PDR)group.The control group included 35 normal volunteers of the same age(35 eyes).The choroid thickness changes at different distances from macular fovea were compared.Results:The choroid thickness value has decreased when there is no retinopathy in type 2 diabetes patients.With the aggravation of the disease,the choroid thickness at different distances from the macular fovea shows an obvious tendency of thinning.The average choroid thickness of patients in the NDR,NPDR and PDR groups at different distances from macular fovea was less than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:The choroid thickness of type 2 diabetic patients without retinopathy tends to become thinner.The measurement of choroid thickness is helpful to analyze the progress of type 2 diabetic retinopathy.