出口退税促进了地方政府财政收入吗——基于2004—2011年中国城市面板数据

Does Export Rebates Promote Local Fiscal Revenue?Based on Urban Panel Data in China from 2004 to 2011

利用中国城市层面数据,实证研究出口退税、城市贸易开放程度和地方政府财政收入之间的关系。结果表明,出口退税最终促进了地方财政收入的增加,并且这种影响在贸易开放程度越高的城市中越显著。进一步研究发现,在贸易开放水平高的城市中,出口退税对地方政府财政收入存在两种影响,一是出口退税本身会带来财政收入的减少,二是出口退税通过促进出口贸易间接提高地方财政收入,但最终的影响结果是正向的。因此,在中央政府实施出口退税政策的同时,地方政府应当积极提高本区域的经济开放程度,以扩大出口退税政策的影响效果。

Using the data at the city level in China,this paper studies the relationship between export tax rebates and openness degree of urban trade and fiscal revenue of local governments.The results show that export tax rebates ultimately promote the increase of local fiscal revenue,and this effect is more prominent in cities with higher trade openness.Further research has found that in cities with high levels of trade openness,export tax rebates have two effects on local government fiscal revenue.First,export tax rebates will bring about a reduction in fiscal revenue.Second,export tax rebates will indirectly improve local revenue by promoting export trade.The final impact is positive.The conclusion of this study is that,while central government implements the export tax rebate policy,local government should actively promote economic openness of the region to expand the impact of the export tax rebate policy.