刘南宅与《聊斋志异》——由蒲松龄刘南宅坐馆传说谈起

Liu Nanzhai and The Strange Stories From A Chinese Studio——Speaking from Legends on Pu Songling's Visit to Liu Nanzhai

沂水县流传的有关刘南宅与《聊斋志异》的传说,存在"社会传说"与刘氏"家族传说"两种版本:民间传说蒲松龄曾在当地望族刘南宅坐馆,并作讽刺文《三朝元老》;刘氏后裔虽则提出这是对刘家的攻讦和污蔑,但家族内部流传某位先祖曾与蒲松龄有过短暂交集,为其文学创作提供了素材。实际上,社会传说与当地民众以刘南宅为中心构建地方历史记忆的思维惯性有关,是传统文化语境下的杜撰。刘氏家族传说则说明士人互动乃是蒲松龄文学活动中相当重要的源泉之一。刘氏"家族神话"与《聊斋志异》的历史渊源反映出明清之际的时代文化影痕:伴随佛道信仰世俗化,佛教和道教在民间影响不断扩大,谈异文化逐渐渗入了士人家庭生活和文学创作。

There are two versions of Social Legends and the Liu Family Legends on the relationship of Liu Nanzhai and the classical novel titled The Strange Stories From A Chinese Studio circulated in Yishui County of Shandong Province.According to the Social Legends Version,Pu Songling,author of the great novel,stayed in for a while Liu Nanzhai and wrote an ironic article titled Elders of Three Dynasties based on the Liu Family.Although Liu's descendants asserted that it was an attack and insult against the Liu family,some member from the family did maintain a short relationship with Pu Songling which provided material for his literary creation,according to the Liu Family Legends Version.As a matter of fact,the Social Legends Version reflects the local people's inertial thinking to construct the local historical memories centering on Liu Nanzhai.They are fabricated by the ordinary public in the context of traditional cultures.While the Liu Family Legends Version reveals that the interaction activities between scholar-officials provided important sources of Pu Songling's writing.By examining the historical origins of the Liu Family Legends and The Strange Stories From A Chinese Studio,the cultural traces of the Ming and Qing Dynasties reflected by the two can be seen.As the religions of Buddhism and Taoism were gradually secularized and spread in the folk society,Bizarrerie Culture finally infiltrated the family lives of the scholar-officials and their literary creation.