上游垄断阻碍了下游企业创新吗?

Does the Upstream Monopoly Hinder the Innovation of Downstream Enterprises?

中国工业部门下游市场正随着市场化改革的深入而基本实现了自由竞争,但上游原材料市场或中间产品市场垄断依然明显,这势必会通过中间品投入影响到下游企业创新。考虑到下游企业可通过进口中间品来缓解上游垄断带来的成本上升压力。把下游企业进口、上游企业市场垄断和下游企业创新纳入统一的分析框架中,利用中国工业企业微观数据,系统研究上游垄断对下游企业创新的影响及其作用机制。结果显示:上游垄断抑制了下游企业创新;基于中介效应模型的影响机制检验发现,上游垄断主要通过控制原材料或者中间投入品价格,进而抬高下游企业经营成本,降低企业创新能力;特别是,上游垄断显著抑制了小企业创新,而对大中型企业创新的抑制效应并不显著,上游垄断对国有企业创新的抑制作用微弱,对外资企业创新也无影响,却显著阻碍了民营企业创新;此外,企业可以通过进口缓解国内中间品价格上涨给创新带来的不利影响。

With the deepening of China's reform,the downstream market of the industrial sector has basically achieved free competition.However,the monopoly of the upstream raw material market or the intermediate product market still exists,which is bound to affect the downstream enterprise innovation through intermediate input.Based on the microcosmic data of Chinese industrial enterprises,this paper systematically investigate the influence of upstream monopoly on the innovation of downstream enterprises and the mechanism of its action.The results indicate that the upstream monopoly has significantly inhibited the innovation of the downstream enterprises;The upstream monopoly mainly control the price of raw materials or intermediate inputs,which improves the downstream enterprise operation cost and consequently reduces the enterprise innovation motivation and ability based on mediating effect model;In particular,the upstream monopoly has significantly inhibited small business innovation instead of MLEs.Moreover,the upstream monopoly has little effect on the innovation of state-owned enterprises,while the inhibition to private enterprises'innovation is very significant,but it has no obvious influence on the innovation of foreign-funded enterprises.However,enterprises can reduce this adverse impact by import.