北京市某住宿学校诺如病毒感染引起急性胃肠炎暴发疫情调查

Investigation of acute gastroenteritis outbreak caused by norovirus in a boarding school of Beijing

目的通过调查处置一起诺如病毒引起的急性胃肠炎暴发疫情,分析引起暴发的危险因素,为有效地防控诺如病毒感染引起的急性胃肠炎疫情提供依据。方法采用现场流行病学调查方法,收集学校基本情况和患儿相关资料,进行流行病学特征分析,采集病例、食堂工作人员和宿舍管理员的便标本进行实验室检测。结果此次疫情从2017年5月9日起至20日结束,历时12 d,共报告疑似病例86例,罹患率7.22%,病例集中于一、二年级。实验室检测结果显示17件病例粪便标本中16件检出诺如病毒GⅡ核酸阳性,阳性率94.12%。结论此次疫情为一起诺如病毒GⅡ型感染引起的急性胃肠炎暴发,传播途径是由于人与人之间的密切接触,病例在班级内呕吐可能是导致暴发的主要原因。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and causes by investigation of a norovirus outbreak in a boarding school of Beijing Methods Basic information of the school and data of the survey were collected and described. Stool specimens from student cases, canteen staffs, and dormitory keepers were collected and tested in the laboratory. Results From May 9 to 20, 2017, a total number of 86 suspected cases were found in the school, and the attack rate was 7.22%, and the cases were mainly reported in the first and second grades. Laboratory tests showed that 16 out of 17 samples were norovirus GⅡ nucleic acid positive, and the positive rate was 94.12%. Conclusion The outbreak was identified as a gastroenteritis infection caused by norovirus GⅡ. The transmission route was human-to-human contact of vomiting wastes.