北京市在职人群每日健走运动时间特征及运动达标率相关因素研究

Study on exercise time distribution in a day and relevant factors on exercise compliance rate among working population in Beijing

目的分析北京市在职人群每日健走运动时间分布特征及运动达标率的影响因素,为制定在职人群个性化运动方案提供依据。方法提取北京地区2017年4月1日-5月31日期间5 805人的每日健走数据,获得年龄、性别、城郊、教育状况、职业等基础信息,以每天健走步数达到1万步定义为运动达标。采用K-means++聚类方法,形成每日运动时间分布类型;使用卡方检验和logistic回归分析运动达标率的影响因素。结果研究对象平均年龄为(42.22±8.93)岁,女性占67.5%(3 916名)。运动达标率为91.4%,随年龄增加而提高(P<0.001),随着文化程度的提高而下降(P<0.001)。不同年龄、性别、受教育程度、城郊、职业等人群的健走运动分布类型差异有统计学意义(P均<0.001)。运动达标率与年龄、性别、受教育程度、职业、城乡、健走运动分布类型等因素密切相关(P均<0.001)。结论不同在职人群的运动时间分布类型差异有统计学意义,为获得更好的运动效果,应根据特征制定个性化运动方案。

Objective To analyze the distributional characteristics of daily sport walking time, and that will influence the exercise compliance rates for the working population in Beijing, and provide scientific basis for making individual movement plans of working population. Methods Daily walking data of 5 805 people in Beijing was extracted from www.wanbu.com.cn. More than 10 000 walking steps per day were accounted achieving the walking standard. With clustering method(K-means++) adopted, distributional pattern of daily exercise time was formed. With chi-square test and logistic regression, the impacts on exercise compliance rate are analyzed as well. Results The average age of participants was(42.22±8.93) years. Female accounted for 67.5%(3 916 people) of all participants. The average exercise compliance rate is 91.4%. The exercise compliance rate increased(P<0.001) with age, and decreased with improvement in education(P<0.001). There are great difference in distributional patterns of daily exercise time between different working people of different gender, educational background, living in town or countryside and occupation(P<0.001 generally). Additionally, the exercise compliance rate is related to many factors including age, gender, educational background, occupation, living in town or countryside and time distributional patterns of daily walking(P<0.001 generally). Conclusion It showed great difference in distributional pattern of daily exercise time between different working people, individual training plans should be designed according to characteristics so as to attain better exercise performance.