浙江吴方言仙居话的程度副词“有”

The Degree Adverb “You(有)” of Xianju Dialect in Zhejiang Province

"有"字句在汉语南方方言中是一种典型的多功能性语法形式,对此学界已有较多研究,但尚未发现"有"作为程度副词的报道。浙江吴方言台州片仙居话"有"具备程度副词的功能,且通过分析其语法化过程和动因发现:(1)语义上,仙居话的"有"经历了"客观领属>高程度"的演变,动因为主观化;(2)句法上,"有"从领属动词语法化为程度副词;(3)仙居话"有"的主观化和句法化经历了语用理解和句法功能从相互龃龉到再平衡的特殊过程。

In southern Chinese dialects, the You-sentence("有"字句)is a typical form of multifunctional grammar.But in the existing researches, there is no report of "You"(有)as an adverb of degree. Based on investigation and study, in Zhejiang Province Xianju dialect,"You"(有) has the function of degree adverb. This paper proposes that "You"(有)extended from having objects to emphasizing of high degree semantically and grammaticalized from verb to degree adverb syntactically. The motivation of those changes was subjectification. The subjectivity and syntactic construction of the Xianju dialect "You"(有) experienced the special process of pragmatic understanding and syntactic function from dissonance to balance.