比较法视角下商事代理制度之重构

Reconstruction of Commercial Agency System from the Perspective of Comparative Law

2017年颁布的《民法总则》在代理制度中未对间接代理进行规定,致使法律规范体系在商事代理的理论基础和规则设计上的不协调,未能通过《民法总则》的颁布获得解决。商事代理形成历史和社会功能的独特性,决定了不能简单将其理解为民事代理的一个特别形态,否则将造成立法逻辑不周延、各方当事人利益损害及权利救济途径受限等问题。通过比较两大法系商事代理制度的理论构型,借鉴各国商事代理制度的相关规定,建议以单行立法的方式协调民事代理与商事代理;在"等同论"的统率下,完善商事代理合同解除权,调整介入权和选择权的行使条件,促进国内商事代理规则与国际规范的有效衔接,从而实现对我国商事代理制度的整体重构。

The General Provisions of Civil Law promulgated in 2017 deleted the provisions concerning indirect agency in the agency system, resulting in the inconsistency of the legal norm system on the theoretical basis and the design of the rules of commercial agency, which failed to be resolved by the promulgation of the General Provisions of Civil Law. The unique historical and social function of commercial agency determines that it can not be simply understood as a special form of civil agency, otherwise it will lead to inadequate legislative logic, damage to the interests of the parties and the limitation of the way to remedy the rights of the parties. By comparing the theoretical configuration of the commercial agency system of the two legal systems and drawing lessons from the relevant provisions of the commercial agency system of various countries, this paper proposes to coordinate the civil agency and the commercial agency by means of separate legislation. Under the guidance of " equivalence theory", China should perfect the right of rescission of commercial agency contract, adjust the conditions for exercising the right of intervention and option and promote the effective connection between domestic commercial agency rules and international norms so as to realize the overall reconstruction of the commercial agency system in China.